Historical Overview of TOUGH Simulators
Simulator | Description | Released | Key Reference |
---|---|---|---|
AMESH | Released released as a Free Software Download. AMESH generates layered TOUGH mesh based on 2D Voronoi tesselation of user-specified, irregular surface points. | 2020 | Haukwa, 1998 |
TOGA | Released for licensing. TOGA (TOUGH Oil, Gas, Aqueous) is a numerical reservoir simulator for modeling non-isothermal flow and transport of water, CO2, multicomponent oil, and related gas components for applications including CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) and geologic carbon sequestration in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. | 2020 | Pan and Oldenburg, 2020 |
toughio | Authorized for distribution. toughio is an open-source library that provides tools to facilitate pre- and post-processing for TOUGH using the latest Python standards. It aims to make setting up of a TOUGH simulation user-friendly by relying on existing well-established Python packages, namely numpy, meshio and pyvista (Link to toughio documentation). | 2020 | visit site |
TOUGH3 | TOUGH3 replaces TOUGH2 in the TOUGH family of codes. TOUGH3 consolidates more than a decade of independent developments of the TOUGH codes by multiple researchers, including the massively parallel version TOUGH2-MP, into a single flagship simulator coded in FORTRAN90 capable of exploiting multi-processor machines. While TOUGH3 has significant coding changes to facilitate parallel execution particularly in parts of the code related to linear equation solution, experienced TOUGH2 users will find familiar subroutine names and FORTRAN code in the subsurface process (e.g., flow, transport, phase equilibria, capillary pressure, etc.) subroutines which remain relatively unchanged from the originals developed by Karsten Pruess and others over the last several decades. | 2019 | Jung et al., 2018 |
TOUGH-MP | TOUGH-MP is no longer supported. | 2019 | Zhang et al., 2008 |
TOUGHREACT V3.0-OMP | A version of the reactive transport simulator TOUGHREACT that includes OpenMP parallelization of chemical reactions | 2014 | Xu et al. (2014) |
ECO2N V2 | Temperature range expanded to 10°C < T < 300°C, and salinity up to halite saturation; ECO2N V2 also accounts for the effects of water on the thermophysical properties of the CO2-rich phase | 2014 | Pan et al. (2014) |
EOS7C-ECBM | Module for enhanced coal bed methane (includes dusty gas model) | 2013 | Webb (2011) |
TOUGHREACT V2.0 | Version 2.0 of TOUGHREACT, distributed by Berkeley Lab Marketplace | 2012 | Xu et al. (2012) |
TOUGH2 V2.1 | Nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flow | 2011 | Pruess et al. (1999/2012) |
ECO2M | Multiphase flow of sub- and supercritical CO2 | 2011 | Pruess (2011) |
T2Well | Coupled wellbore–reservoir simulator | 2011 | Pan et al. (2011) |
TOUGH+ | Re-engineered and expanded version of TOUGH2 simulator, specifically for the simulation of hydrate-bearing geologic media. | 2008 | Moridis et al. (2008) |
TOUGH-MP | Massively parallel version of TOUGH2 | 2008 | Zhang et al. (2008) |
ECO2N | EOS module for sub- and supercritical CO2 | 2005 | Pruess (2005) |
EOS7C | Module for water, brine, CO2 or N2, tracer, CH4, and heat intended for applications involving mixed gases in gas reservoirs | 2004 | Oldenburg et al. (2004) |
TOUGHREACT | Nonisothermal multiphase flow and reactive transport including equilibrium and kinetic mineral dissolution and precipitation, chemically active gases, intra-aqueous and sorption reaction kinetics and biodegradation | 2004 | Xu and Pruess (2001); Xu et al. (2004) |
TMVOC | Nonisothermal flow of water, air, multiples VOCs and NCGs in aqueous, gaseous, and NAPL phase | 2002 | Pruess and Battistelli (2002) |
TOUGH-FLAC | Research code for coupled multiphase flow and thermal-geomechanical processes; links TOUGH2 and FLAC3D (Itasca Consulting Group, 1997) | 2002 | Rutqvist et al. (2002) |
TOUGH2 V2 | Nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flow | 1999 | Pruess et al. (1999) |
iTOUGH2 | Inverse modeling, sensitivity analysis, uncertainty propagation analysis, and data-worth analysis for TOUGH2 and additional EOS modules | 1997 | Finsterle (1997) |
T2VOC | Nonisothermal flow of water, air and VOCs in aqueous, gaseous and NAPL phase for environmental applications | 1995 | Falta et al. (1995) |
TOUGH2 | Nonisothermal flow of water and NCG in aqueous and gaseous phase | 1991 | Pruess (1991) |
TOUGH | Nonisothermal flow of water and air in aqueous and gaseous phase | 1987 | Pruess (1987) |
MULKOM | Research code for nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids | 1983 | Pruess (1983) |
NAPL: nonaqueous phase liquid; NCG: noncondensible gas; VOC: volatile organic compound |